Sand control techniques (Screen-less sand control and Through-tubing gravel pack)

Sand Control: Why and How?

October 1992 nPerils of sand production. At worst, sand production threatens a well. Voids can form behind the pipe, causing formation subsidence and casing collapse. The well may also fill with sand and cease flowing. Or the surface equipment may be catastrophically damaged by erosion or plugging. For help in preparation of this article, thanks to: Bob Elder, Chevron UK Ltd., London, England; ...

کنترل شن توسط Expandable Sand Screen

Mobilization Thresholds and Partial Transport of a Sand-Gravel Sediment

Twenty-eight coupled observations of flow, transport, and bed surface grain size distribution were made in a laboratory flume using a wide range of flows and a sediment with a very poorly sorted, bimodal grain size distribution. These observations permit the transport rates of individual size fractions to be scaled by the proportion of each size immediately available for transport on the bed su...

Use of nutrient response techniques to assess the effectiveness of chlorination of rapid sand filter gravel.

A direct viable counting method was used to rapidly assess the effectiveness of chlorination of biofilms on rapid sand filter gravel. A total of 50% of the cells were nutrient responsive after exposure to 0.5 mg of chlorine per liter, while this value was 25% after exposure to 25 mg of chlorine per liter. A large variation was seen in the numbers of nutrient-responsive cells on different rocks....

Speed Control of Wind Turbine through Pitch Control Using Different Control Techniques

Pitch control is one of t he  major aspects of wind turbine control, particularly over high wi nd s p e e d  a n d  oscillations. General El e c t r i c  (GE) model of  wi n d  t ur bi ne  i s practically compatible with the structure of the wind turbines. I t  h a s  b e e n  p r o v e d t h a t  simulation results using this model are closer to the actual case, compared to other available mod...